On This Day – 5 October

September 27, 2025

What happened on 5 October?

A day of tribute to educators worldwide, tragic natural disasters, and the births and legacies of leaders and thinkers whose contributions still resonate.

On This Day – 5 October

🇮🇳 India Events

1864 — Calcutta Cyclone wrecks Bengal delta

On 5 October 1864, a powerful tropical cyclone struck the Bengal delta, causing catastrophic flooding in and around Calcutta (now Kolkata). The storm surge and heavy rains led to massive loss of life — historical estimates suggest over 60,000 fatalities — and widespread destruction in the region.

🌍 International Events

World Teachers’ Day (observed annually)

5 October is celebrated globally as World Teachers’ Day, established by UNESCO in 1994 to highlight the role of educators and to promote improvements in teachers’ rights and professional development.

Battle of the Thames (1813)

On 5 October 1813, during the War of 1812, British forces with allied Native American troops under Chief Tecumseh were defeated by U.S. troops at the Battle of the Thames in Ontario, Canada. Chief Tecumseh was killed in the fighting — a significant turning point in the war.

🎂 Birthdays

🇮🇳 Indian Personalities

Rani Durgavati (1524) — Queen of Gond kingdom, remembered for her valour in resisting Mughal conquest.
Ramalinga Swamigal (1823) — Tamil saint and philosopher, also known as Vallalar, known for his teachings of compassion and social reform.
Kailashpati Mishra (1923) — Indian politician who served in various positions, including as Governor of Gujarat.
Kancha Ilaiah (1952-) — Indian political theorist and activist, especially known for his writing on caste and Dalit rights.

✝️ Deaths

🇮🇳 Indian Personalities

Lord Cornwallis (1805) — British Governor-General in India; died 5 October 1805. He is known for British administrative reforms and military roles in India.

🌍 International Personalities

Steve Jobs (2011) — Co-founder of Apple Inc., died 5 October 2011. His innovations shaped modern consumer technology, from personal computing to smartphones.
Rodney Dangerfield (2004) — American comedian and actor known for his self-deprecating humour, died on 5 October 2004.

💡 Did You Know?

  • The 1864 Calcutta cyclone remains one of the deadliest storms in Bengal’s history; the inundation flooded large areas of the delta, overwhelmed dikes, and exposed the vulnerability of colonial urban planning to natural calamities.
  • World Teachers’ Day (5 October) was adopted by UNESCO in 1994 to commemorate the 1966 UNESCO/ILO Recommendation concerning the Status of Teachers — a key international standard for teacher rights and responsibilities.
  • Chief Tecumseh’s death in the Battle of the Thames (5 October 1813) was a major blow to Native American resistance in the U.S. — he is often remembered as a unifying figure across indigenous groups.

📝 Final Thoughts

5 October stands out as a day of both loss and recognition — from the devastation of Bengal’s historic cyclone to celebrating educators globally. The births and deaths on this date reflect courage, innovation, and cultural memory.

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